Finally saw this on Friday.
In 3D.
Two words...
AWE SOME!!!!
Since I'd read this thread prior to seeing it, I was watching for the points brought up.
I noticed that, while the Na'vi was able to penetrate chopper and mech cockpit glass pretty easily, it didn't seem that far-fetched.
In one of the scenes, a rifle was fired at a chopper, and the rounds tore through the glass like it was nothing.
A sidearm pistol was used, and caused the same damage as the rifle.
Any glass that can be penetrated by a 150-200gr bullet should easily be penetrated by a 6 foot, double-edge tipped, javelin flung from a ~9' bow drawn by carbon fiber enhanced aliens.
Now... onto the original topic, the bows themselves.
The "training" bows seemed simple enough.
Round/D-shaped, bend through the handle, with various vine/leaf decoration, and some way to secure 2 or 3 arrows to the front.

The "I'm a bada** hunter" bows were quite a different story.
Still essentially a D-shaped core, but with other "sub sections" that tied into the core like branches.
This is where the wings came into play.
Their function within the bow isn't known. Perhaps for added strength, "springy-ness", or just flair, we'll never know.
For our purposes, I guess it would only be flair.
But very cool flair!

In looking at this image, I noticed that the string ties into the blue wing arm at the top, and into the wood limb at the bottom.
Not positive that we'd ever be able to create a functioning bow like this...
I'm gonna try and find some screen caps to add to this.
I know there are some nice shots throughout the movie.
At the very least, the training bows should be doable.